For absolute beginners in the 3D world, it can be unclear which software is best for what you want to achieve. What is the “industry standard”? Is it worthwhile to invest money and time to learn a specific software? Is free software any good, or should I rather choose to learn an expensive software? What are the differences in functionalities, and which one is easier to learn?
While we cannot answer all those questions for you, since it also depends on your individual preferences, here is an overview of software packages that are used in 3D, VFX and game development that might help you to get oriented and to make a decision. If there is something we missed, let us know.
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3D Skills Where to get assetsCOMPREHENSIVE 3D SOFTWARE

3DS MAX
Price: from 1.700 $ per year
What’s special about it: Comprehensive 3D software. Widely adopted for modeling, texturing, archviz.
Renderer: Arnold
Link: Visit website

Maya
Price: from 1.700 $ per year
What’s special about it: Comprehensive 3D software. Widely adopted in many studios, particularly for animation and film production.
Renderer: Arnold
Link: Visit website

Cinema 4D
Price: 736,77 Euro per year
What’s special about it: Comprehensive 3D software for animation, modeling, simulations and rendering. Integration with Red Giant and After Effects
Renderer: Redshift
Link: Visit website

BLENDER
Price: FREE
What’s special about it: Its free! Comprehensive 3D software for all 3D workflows like modeling, sculpting, shading, motion tracking, simulation and rendering. Real-time renderer Eevee. Amazing community, thousands of tutorials and learning resources. Increasingly adopted in film and game studios.
Renderer: Cycles (path tracing) + Eevee (real-time)
Link: Visit website
SPECIALIZED SOFTWARE
Sculpting

ZBRUSH
Price: 39.95 $ per month or 895 $ for a perpetual license
What’s special about it: Industry standard for digital sculpting and painting.
Renderer: BPR
Link: Visit website
Sculpting

3d coat
Price: from 99.95 $
What’s special about it: Although 3D Coat is almost a comprehensive 3D software, capable of sculpting, modeling, retopology, shading and rendering, its main strength lies in the unique voxel-based sculpting features, which no other software offers (to our current knowledge). Another unique feature is its Native Global Uniform (GU) unwrapping algorithm.
Renderer: native renderer
Link: Visit website
Rendering

Marmoset toolbag
Price: 14.95 $ per month or 299 $ for a perpetual license
What’s special about it: Real-time rendering, texturing and baking. Easy integration with web-technology via the Marmoset Viewer (display your models interactively as a real-time render on a website)
Renderer: native renderer
Link: Visit website
Clothes

Marvelous Designer
Price: from 1.700 $ per year
What’s special about it: The one and only tool for professional cloth creation. Widely adopted in film and game development.
Renderer: n.a.
Link: Visit website
Fluid simulation

embergen
Price: from 239.99 $ per year
What’s special about it: Amazingly fast real-time volumetric fluid simulations.
Renderer: n.a.
Link: Visit website
Texturing

Quixel mixer
Price: FREE
What’s special about it: Multi-channel 3D painting, scan data, real-time 3D curvature, displacement sculpting, ID masking, procedural noises, seamless texture projection, Smart Materials and much more. Integration with the huge MEGASCANS library and Quixel Bridge for easy export to Blender and Unreal Engine.
Renderer: n.a.
Link: Visit website
Texturing

Substance painter
Price: from 19.90 $ per month (also available on Steam as a perpetual license for 126.99 $)
What’s special about it: Multi-layer real-time 3D painting tool with smart materials, smart masks and integrated bakers, and a state of the art real-time viewport. Widely adopted for 3D texturing and painting, particularly for games. Integration with the Substance ecosystem (Designer, Alchemist, Source)
Renderer: n.a.
Link: Visit website
Landscapes

World machine
Price: from 119 $
What’s special about it: Go-to terrain generation tool for AAA games, film and VFX.
Renderer: n.a.
Link: Visit website
Vegetation

Speedtree
Price: 999 $ per year
What’s special about it: Industry standard for 3D vegetation modeling for films and games. Integration with Unreal Engine and Unity.
Renderer: n.a.
Link: Visit website
VFX & Compositing

Houdini
Price:from 269 $ per year
What’s special about it: Fully procedural node-based system for all kind of simulations (like fire, smoke, fluids, particle dynamics, destruction, cloth and hair, crowd simulations) visual effects and compositing. Widely used especially in the film and VFX industry.
Renderer: n.a.
Link: Visit website
VFX & Compositing

AFter Effects
Price: 20.99 $ per month (or 52.99 $ per month for the entire Adobe CC Suite)
What’s special about it: Layer-based compositing system. Widely used for motion graphics and visual effects. Integration with Cinema4D and Premiere Pro.
Renderer: native renderer
Link: Visit website
VFX & Compositing

Fusion
Price: 295 $
What’s special about it: Node-based compositing system for visual effects, 3D, VR and motion graphics. Widely adopted, especially in the film industry. Integration with DaVinci Resolve.
Renderer: native renderer
Link: Visit website
Editing

Premiere Pro
Price: 20.99 $ per month (or 52.99 $ per month for the entire Adobe CC Suite)
What’s special about it: Professional editing, color correction, visual effects and audio post production software. Integration with After Effects.
Renderer: native renderer
Link: Visit website
Editing

Davinci resolve
Price: FREE
What’s special about it: Professional editing, color correction, visual effects and audio post production software. Integration with Fusion.
Renderer: native renderer
Link: Visit website
GAME ENGINES

Unreal engine
Price: FREE
What’s special about it: State-of-the-art real-time engine and editor that features photorealistic rendering, dynamic physics and effects, lifelike animation, robust data translation, and much more. Continuously growing ecosystem: Quixel Megascans, Metahumans. Integration with most 3D Software packages like Maya, Blender or Substance Painter.
Renderer: native renderer
Link: Visit website

Unity
Price: Personal version is FREE. Unity Pro at 1.800 $ per year
What’s special about it: Leading platform for creating interactive, real-time content for games, automotive, archviz, film and animation.
Renderer: native renderer
Link: Visit website

Godot
Price: FREE
What’s special about it: Completely free and open-source game engine. Early development.
Renderer: native renderer
Link: Visit website